5.+Develop+Instruction

 Visual design can negatively impact a presentation, regardless of the content. Three PowerPoint presentations are posted below that show how I have transformed a PowerPoint presentation I created into a nonexample of positive visual literacy and an example of positive visual literacy.
 * Visual Design**

This is my original PowerPoint on students with Mild Mental Retardation. This presentation was created prior to this semester. It was shared with students who have taken the course on working with students with high incidence disabilities. media type="custom" key="4550644" __Positive__
 * Original PowerPoint **

 __Negative__
 * Simple design: The white background with black font makes each slide easy to read.
 * Color:
 * The red titles on each page highlights the topic of each page
 * Slide 10 uses a blue font to identify key terms
 * Uses aspects of the three principles of visual literacy discussed by Lohr
 * Selection: Helping the learner notice important information
 * Organization: Concepts presented began at introductory level and progress to providing detail
 * Integration: General information that only introduces concepts was presented. Limited details and no examples were provided. The learner was not asked to reflect on information or use higher order thinking skills, thus reducing the cognitive load.
 * Instructional Visuals
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Contrast: contrast of text was used appropriately
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Alignment: consistent left alignment made the slides easy to read.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Repetition and proximity were not used


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Color and Figure Ground: The image on slide two is slightly difficult to read. The light green font on light blue background does not provide the best option for contrast.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Wording: Many of the slides contain too much text.

<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msobidilanguage: AR-SA; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msofareastlanguage: EN-US; msofareastthemefont: minor-latin;">**Nonexample PowerPoint**

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">I altered my original PowerPoint to demonstrate inappropriate visual designs.

media type="custom" key="4550672"<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Color: Overall, there are many aspects of color that make this PowerPoint difficult to read. Here are a few specific example
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Slide 3: The image on slide 3 is hard on the eyes to due to the many, vivid colors.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Slide 5: The font color and background make it difficult to read the slide. There is little contrast.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Instructional Visuals
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Contrast
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Slides 3, 4, and 5 do not provide contrast that is visually pleasing.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Slide 10 demonstrates inappropriate use of figure ground and contrast.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The viewer is unsure what to focus on when viewing slide 11.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Alignment: Slide16’s alignment makes it difficult to read the material.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Repetition: Slides 14 and 15 repeat the same information. This is not an effective use of repetition
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Proximity: Many slides contains nonexamples of the use of proximity
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Font: The size and style of the font can negatively impact an reader’s ability to view a presentation. Here are a few specific examples
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Slide 7: Inappropriately uses variations in font, depth and contrast to highlight nonessential information.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Slide 12: The variety in font style makes this slide difficult to read.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Slide 13: The small font makes the slide difficult to read.


 * Improved PowerPoint **

media type="custom" key="4550708"

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">This PowerPoint has aspects of visual literacy that I learned from this course. This includes:


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Contrast: The white font on black background for the headers draws the viewer’s attention to the header, which tells the purpose of the slide. The simple black text on white background for the content does not distract the viewer from the information. Subtitles and key terms in red alert the viewer to important terms and phrases.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Alignment: all headers are centered
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Repetition: two slides contain the IQ of each level of MR. This repetition will show viewers that this is information that is considered important.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Proximity: Proximity and spacing is considered to create slides that are visually appealing
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Visuals: Images and charts are simple in terms of font, background, and style. There is no concern regarding figure ground perception.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Font: The font style and size is consistent throughout the entire presentation. Slides that previously would not show all the content unless a small font size was use, was separated onto multiple slides. The reduction in information presented is visually appealing while introducing small amounts of information at a time.